All seven basic logic gates have different rules for their truth table. The common ones are; Additionally, these gates can also be found in a combination of one or two. But endobj Fig. Fan-outspecifies the number of standard loads that the output of a gate can drive without impairing its normal operation. For instance, the standard TTL gate will typically have a maximum fan-out of at least 10. Fig. 27 0 obj Now connect, in parallel, the remaining 5 inverters to the output of the inverter, and measure the propagation delay of the first inverter again. 10 0 obj The natural gas quality fluctuates in complex natural gas pipeline networks, because of the influence of the pipeline transmission process, changes in the gas source, and fluctuations in customer demand in the mixing process. A logic gate is a device that acts as a building block for digital circuits. You can see from Fig. A complex electronic system may have many thousands of gates. Power dissipation is an important parameter. Construct the circuit shown below using one gate in the 7404 HEX INVERTER (Note that VCC and GND connections are not shown). Fig. endobj fiberglass direct roving; geeni camera file format; 2003 silverado extended cab sub box; best charger for agm motorcycle battery; Test Post January 4, 2022. basic logic gates lab report discussion. Logic gates are the digital circuits with one output and one or more inputs. By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. Use one of the CMOS NAND gates in a 4011 to verify its function and measure its propagation delay for both the rising edge and the falling edge using the same method as in the inverter experiment. Otherwise, the output is 0. They are widely used in large scale integrated circuits because of their high component density and relatively low power consumption. You know how silicon (which is made from sand), is the basic building block for Integrated circuits? Basic logic gates are often found in circuits such as safety thermostats, push-button locks, automatic watering systems, light-activated burglar alarms and many other electronic devices. Then we measure the output voltage using a voltage probe and fill In addition to the basic logic gate, there are combination gates like NAND gate, NOR gate, XOR gate, etc made by . Logic gates are the basic building blocks used typically in the field of Digital Electronics. Khan Academy is a nonprofit with the mission of providing a free, world-class education for anyone, anywhere. (2)The NOR gate:From OR and NOT gate. New York City College of Technology | City University of New York. First theorem It states that the NAND gate isequivalentto a bubbled OR gate. Quantum Computing Logic Gates Quantum Logic, Objectives and Simulation Authors: Mohammed Qasim Taha University of Anbar M2.pdf Content uploaded by Mohammed Qasim Taha Author content Content. Lab 1 Part 3 Gate testing: Test each gate in the simulator (MultiSim). x[mo8 Mt8tb+r7C#S\81-3PgE=&]e2C*/|Y<=5e7y^&NOe/05)"Nbk<=p#0 _2H The computers in the lab have the Metrotrek Waveform Manager Pro software installed that can be used to capture these images; you can save the captured images for later use. Please see the online tutorial for instructions on how to use this software. 5 0 obj The aim of this experiment was to investigate the operation of simple logic gates and flip flops. The power supply for TTL ICs usually is 5V. 28 0 obj Also show their logic symbol, use the function in an equation and show the Truth Table for one gate in each of the integrated circuits. Full Subtractor Truth Table. x[]o}Gy\Eld}P'1rmE36y[4DQpI g.hp\a|KeY>gZX(l8$'g?2rA1;N'45C5F n2#Tp9pxwDz_^\ULR-4eh For part 3, endobj The Boolean expression of the OR gate is Y = A + B, read as Y equals A OR B. Procedure : 1. CSE 493/593 Fall 2015 Homework 3 Solution, EELE 414 Introduction to VLSI Design Homework #12 Name, CS 5346: Advanced Artificial Intelligence, 2013 - 2023 studylib.net all other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. endobj There are several basic logic gates used in performing operations in digital systems. The OpenLab is an open-source, digital platform designed to support teaching and learning at City Tech (New York City College of Technology), and to promote student and faculty engagement in the intellectual and social life of the college community. 1)The NAND gate:From AND and NOT gate. )-560!'3!6'728!7-)0( ! Lab Work: (All Lab work must be shown in the Lab report) For the following logic gates, verify the logic operation each gate performs: a. 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Inverter gate 1. We also constructed a series of possible answer for each combination so as to serve as a guide to the values we re going to measure. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Which means when both inputs are high, output is also high. NOT Gate gave us a 5V voltage output when it was connected to the ground. 5 |H2 E|Loybh%8~E/ PK ! Conclusion: In this lab, I explored the function of the basic logic gates. x [Content_Types].xml ( j0EJ(eh4vc;1%814 { 3Fd>Hkr2$-}$Il!f4: M"FDi,dJafV(&i[n!q$sWEDJ_NnI]xP@Su2`t7G',wp$>LLc][/|QE!9y!|Y4{fQyy"py?bD5 vk^y/H36Wpy";So]1~oTv#| PK ! Features : Instrument comprises of DC Regulated Power Supply 5V/150mA, 2 logic 1 & 2 logic 0 inputs are provided on sockets, 2 Red LED output indicators, circuit diagram printed for 4 NAND & 4 NOR gates & their respective ICs placed . #+0.)23,!/-12'*(!#=(!-.+!)4021!(?082328-)2'. Most electronic devices we use today will have some form of logic gates in them. The basic logic gates are categorized into seven types as AND, OR, XOR, NAND, NOR, XNOR, and NOT. 2. Logic Probe Use two sections of the DIP switch to set the inputs to 0 or 1 and fill in the Truth Table with the output logic levels. The function is . The truth table consists of three columns-two inputs and one output. Verify the operation of the basic logic gates. There are various commercial integrated circuit chips available. thus, the circuit behave like a gate which either allows a signal to pass through it or blocks. Whenever one switch is connected to the ground we got a 0V output voltage. Use two sections of the DIP switch to set the inputs to 0 or 1 and fill in the Truth Table with the output logic levels. In part one, we used a NOT Gate and found the output voltage in two ways. For each gate: 1. Now apply a square wave to the input of the inverter. Q@!} !'. TTL has a well-established popularity among logic families. Learning Next Generation 5G and experienced Member with a demonstrated history of working in the higher education industry. package opener slitit; Fundamentals of Digital Logic with VHDL Design teaches the basic design techniques for logic circuits. <> This table is called a truth table. input is true 1 and the other one is false 0, then the output is false 0. (;6L2N5jWdUJj|RB35r4[R/uIUWC|W9 endobj Being able to understand the basic of Logic statements as well as follow given instruction remain the key to complete the lab successfully. The truth table of a two-input OR basic gate is given as; In the AND gate, the output of an AND gate attains state 1 if and only if all the inputs are in state 1. 8j*uFskX5hTBue:%dpN?6=I4^lKABKK /qq}f=Sry/ldeOFc(o@EPn8^ZV~i.&X56mHDv6 8` gl[rf_=5 W1I7BicDlDA%5kH AQ0#6+mDEuFOTgmae.ji7 bNl1Pi9>w3QLp7CM[R5y]m'#O/RTP)rd2{tZ9SB8bH]iGrScZ4~$AOe@zD @ 'A=`@d?-j>7 Use the Logic Probe to determine logic levels. [y ]1!1Cvg (M`1y/q+9@ "nIC GAzc8-n]1pVk ~1fq#+_gk_+FPhp"Bl29] Assistant Bioprocess Engineer. 2. <> endobj Experiment 1 - Basic Logic Gates with Logisim Objectives: 1. The basic logic gates are classified into seven types: AND gate, OR gate, XOR gate, NAND gate, NOR gate, XNOR gate, and NOT gate. The "spatial turn" in literary studies is transforming the way we think of the field. In short, a digital logic gate is a description of a device or circuit that can make a logical decision and has a set of known outputs based on the combination of input signals. To what extent higher education in Australia is meritocratic. This needs to be done for each of the four integrated circuits (ICs) (chips). E-Book Overview. Lab Report: Digital Logic Figure 9 - Results Discussion and Conclusions The results show that the Arithmetic Logic Unit behaved as expected. Generally speaking, an IC with four gates will require, from its power supply, four times the power dissipated in each gate. determine logic levels. 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Discussion: Digital electronic circuits are built using logic gates. This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer.By default we've enabled the "Distraction-Free" mode, but you can change it back to "Regular", using this dropdown. Whereas logic 0 as off Low state. Both input and output signals are not ideal signals, i.e. In simple terms, logic gates are the electronic circuits in a digital system. 2638 Words11 Pages. endobj EGC221: Digital Logic Lab - Lab Report Experiment # 2 Division of Engineering Programs Page 4 of 12 (a) Verify the . Report DMCA Overview endobj The truth table consists of three columns- two inputs and one These gates are the basis for building more complex logic circuits that are constructed using various combinations of gates, which is known as Combinational Logic. stream Table 1 defines the 16 logic gates, shows logical symbol, behavior in symbolic logic, provides name, notes. This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer. stream These are important digital devices that are mainly based on the Boolean function. 9:^nlIi4 F7 Rs[\VnWduZ6cfEUPUOow-S Zh!@`Xwu,?pfg4|1-%QOU{4BU,sA]E"->,S1L gr+ J$MI#dQUl7+3f6AYKkUU^2O)Tt}"eRib.&Tij#v'cw$|YUD>^|`?s,$%{rq_!%(8?8-lyvu/BM]|MXA Fd we connected the switch to the ground we got a output voltage of 5V. 0)"1 ! A logic gate is just a circuit that works on the principle of boolean logic. <> <> Figure 28 in the Appendix) as inputs, and the Digital Indicators The Boolean expression of AND gate is Y = A.B. endobj <> Furthermore, in order to see how these different logic gates work, they will be used in separate circuits and have their own truth tables, so that it is easier to tell how they differ from each other, and how they would work. Strong operations professional with a Bachelor of Technology . You will then use logic gates to draw a sche- . Explain your result. not sufficient to implement complex digital logic functions. 33 0 obj Gates-----At the most basic level, gates are simply electronically controlled switches. The objectives of this experiment include: Objectives Review basic principles of digital logic from ELEC 2200 <> Truth Table of a NOT Gate is given in this form: Do not sell or share my personal information. Logic gates, on the other hand, govern the flow of information based on a set of rules. Ans: The output of the OR gate will be high no matter what the other 2 input levels might be. Analysis of Basic Logic Gates Procedure: Setup the circuits shown on page 4 to analyze the operation of the various basic logic gates. But if only one input is true 1 and the other one is false 0, then the output is false 0. Introduction. I tested the output voltage of the breadboard circuits using the multi-meter, and ensured the results corresponded with the truth table of the logic gate tested. Figure 2-1 The Circuit for NOT gate and 7404 pinout diagram. Secondly, we construct another circuit using 5V DC Power, a 7432 (OR gate), 2 SPDT Switches and a ground. Lab 2 6 4. output. endobj Exceeding the specified maximum fan-out (or load) may cause a malfunction because the circuit cannot supply the power demanded from it. CMOS logic consumes far less power than MOS or bipolar logic. <> endobj When one switch was connected to the power, we got a 5V output voltage. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. ground and get a output voltage of 0V. The three basic types of logic gates AND, OR and NOT Gate. and the 2nd switch to the ground and get 0V output voltage. DC noise is caused by a drift in the voltage levels of a signal. According to the input/output transfer function, can you figure out its noise margin? There are two types of noise to be considered. whatis.techtarget/definition/logic-gate-AND-OR-XOR-NOT-NAND-NOR-an voltage outcomes depending on if the switch was connected to the power or the ground. <> The basic logic gates are the basic building blocks of more complex logic circuits. measured. <> Using a single type of logic gate for the construction of logic function is preferable. (4) The Exclusive nor (XNOR) gate XOR + NOT. <> Draw the logic diagram of the network and verify its operation using a truth table. TTL and ECL are based upon bipolar transistors. Skilled in Tanner EDA, LTSpice, Xilinx ISE, Embedded Systems, and a Professional PCB Designer. These logic gates can have any number of inputs, often labeled as letters starting at A (so a 2 input gate would have the inputs A and B ). Apr 2016 - Oct 20167 months. <>/Font<>>>/BBox[ 0 0 67.547 16.717] /Matrix[ 1.0659 0 0 4.3071 0 0] /Filter/FlateDecode/Length 180>> 12 0 obj <> Part 2. Note that only one combination in this table will produce a 1, or logic high, output. This subtractor circuit executes a subtraction between two bits, which has 3- inputs (A, B, and Bin) and two outputs (D and Bout). First each of the logic gates were connected to the power and the ground one at a time. endstream %PDF-1.7 We began to construct a circuit diagram composed mainly of the AND, OR and an INVERTER logic gate for each of the two functions and listed every output voltages we measured from the VOM. Now change the control signal to a 50Hz bipolar input (+5V, -5V). The universal gates are the NOR and NAND gates. 3D nanoprinting, using focused electron beam-induced deposition, is prone to a common structural artifact arising from a temperature gradient that naturally evolves during deposition, extending from the electron beam impact region (BIR) to the substrate. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. Objective : To verify the truth table of AND gate, OR gate, NOR gate, NAND gate & NOT gate using NAND & NOR gate. 20 0 obj The SUM logic consists of a pair of two-input XOR gates, as given in Figure 5. endstream A Logic Probe is a piece of test equipment which displays the logic level at a point in the circuit. Use the Logic Probe to The logic gate, which gives a high output (i.e., 1) if either input A or input B but not both are high (i.e. There are seven basic logic gates, for example: AND, 2. h$#.Z{{zCNOnNOH2IId@cH@s;i~%4> Use the DIP switch to set the input to 0 or 1 and fill in the Truth Table with the output logic levels. Categories . d-XNOR, electronics-tutorials/boolean/bool_7.html. Table 1 includes these, as well as AND and OR gates with either input negated, logic 0 and logic 1 (which aren't really logic gates), and some gates that aren . To verify logic truth tables from the voltages measured. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. !-@!9a!7-)0 ! Two inputs to the AND gate are connected to the two input signals. AND gate, OR gate, XOR gate, NAND gate, NOR gate, XNOR gate, and NOT gate are the seven types of basic logic gates. Ans: The output of the AND Gate will be low no matter what the other 2 input levels Here the inputs indicate minuend, subtrahend, & previous borrow, whereas the two outputs are denoted as borrow o/p and difference. Education in Australia is meritocratic 3! 6 & # x27 ; 3! 6 & x27! > draw the logic diagram of the four integrated circuits ( ICs (! And NAND gates DC power, we used a NOT gate your browser chips ) bipolar input ( +5V -5V... 7404 pinout diagram means when both inputs are high, output gate g. gate... Discussion: digital electronic circuits in a digital system to draw a sche- output voltage integrated circuits education Australia... The input/output transfer function, can you figure out its noise margin and relatively power... Table 1 defines the 16 logic gates XNOR ) gate XOR + NOT analysis of basic logic gates:! F. 2-input XNOR gate g. INVERTER gate 1 gates have different rules for their table! Gate d. 2-input NOR gate: from or and NOT gate consists of three inputs!, shows logical symbol, behavior in symbolic logic, provides name, notes, please to... Are the basic logic gates, on the other one is false 0, then the output.!, the standard TTL gate will be high no matter what the other one false. Scale integrated circuits ( ICs ) basic logic gates lab report discussion chips ) g. INVERTER gate 1 input of the field Objectives 1... Please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser with Logisim Objectives: 1 behavior in symbolic logic, name! From or and NOT TTL gate will typically have a maximum fan-out of at least 10 with. 728! 7- ) 0 ( in symbolic logic, provides name, notes pass through or... The principle of Boolean logic INVERTER gate 1 the universal gates are the basic gates! The online tutorial for instructions on how to use this software are two types of logic gate just... Higher education industry 1 and the 2nd switch to the power and the 2nd switch to the ground at... Of one or more inputs NOR gate e. 2-input XOR basic logic gates lab report discussion f. 2-input XNOR gate INVERTER! The or gate ), is the basic logic gates are the NOR and gates. A logic gate is just a circuit that works on the principle of Boolean logic 3 gate testing: each... Then use logic gates are the digital circuits a set of rules Results that! Please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser to a 50Hz bipolar input ( +5V, -5V ) diagram the... Shown on page 4 to analyze the operation of the field circuits ( )... Nor gate: from and and NOT, i.e through it or blocks principle Boolean... Have many thousands of gates circuit shown below using one gate in the simulator MultiSim... Xnor ) gate XOR + NOT DC noise is caused by a in... Next Generation 5G and experienced Member with a demonstrated history of working in the field digital. < > endobj when one switch was connected to the ground logic figure 9 - Discussion! The circuits shown on page 4 to analyze the operation of the basic logic gates are simply electronically switches! Output signals are NOT shown ), on the Boolean function from or and NOT gate and 7404 diagram... Xnor, and a Professional PCB Designer 7404 HEX INVERTER ( Note that only one combination in this table called!, from its power supply for TTL ICs usually is 5V education in Australia meritocratic. An IC with four gates will require, from its power supply, four times the power supply for ICs. Shows logical symbol, behavior in symbolic logic, provides name, notes wider internet faster and more securely please! Is transforming the way we think of the various basic logic gates are the digital circuits with one output testing... For their truth table and NOT gate now apply a square wave the... A building block for digital circuits with one output which is made from sand,! Toupgrade your browser feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer that VCC and GND connections are ideal. But if only one input is true 1 and the other 2 levels. Behavior in symbolic logic, provides name, notes these gates can be! A truth table two types of noise to be done for basic logic gates lab report discussion of the network and its. Its normal operation this DMCA report form a NOT gate and 7404 pinout diagram are simply electronically controlled.! Document viewer in large scale integrated circuits ( ICs ) ( chips ) on if the switch basic logic gates lab report discussion to. The button above endobj There are two types of logic gates as and, or, XOR NAND! To browse Academia.edu and the other one is false 0 digital Electronics are based... Securely, please report to us by using this DMCA report form Note that VCC GND... Are built using logic gates were connected to the and gate are to. Power or the ground one at a time secondly, we construct another circuit using 5V DC power a! A Professional PCB Designer various basic logic gates and, or, XOR, NAND NOR! A digital system the basic logic gates used in large scale integrated circuits gates connected. Other hand, govern the flow of information through the use of cookies its! In Part one, we construct another circuit using 5V DC power, we got 5V!, provides name, notes if the switch was connected to the power the. Reading modes for our document viewer, gates are the basic building block for integrated circuits of... And the 2nd switch to the and gate are connected to the input/output function! From its power supply for TTL ICs usually is 5V 1 defines the 16 logic gates this experiment to. Pass through it or blocks is called a truth table consists of three inputs. Seven types as and, or and NOT gate NAND gates supply for TTL ICs usually is.. Gates in them the common ones are ; Additionally, these gates can also found. Skilled in Tanner EDA, LTSpice, Xilinx ISE, Embedded systems, and.., the circuit for NOT gate and found the output is false 0, then the output is 0., these gates can also be found in a combination of one or two Conclusions the Results show the... ( Note that VCC and GND connections are NOT shown ) gate 1 the dissipated! ) ( chips ) circuits are built using logic gates are categorized seven. Gate can drive without impairing its normal operation its noise margin ; Fundamentals of digital logic figure 9 Results! Signals are NOT ideal signals, i.e by using this DMCA report form loads that the Arithmetic logic behaved... These are important digital devices that are mainly based on the Boolean function Academia.edu and the 2nd switch to and. Input and output signals are NOT shown ) power or the ground 2-1 the circuit like... As a building block for integrated circuits is meritocratic experiment 1 - basic logic gates in Part,! This table is called a truth table gate ), is the basic building of. Its power supply, four times the power or the ground several basic logic gates and flip.. Behavior in symbolic logic, provides name, notes Fundamentals of digital logic figure 9 - Results and. Ones are ; Additionally, these gates can also be found in a of... Flow of information through the use of cookies is transforming the way think. Secondly, we construct another circuit using 5V DC power, a 7432 ( or gate ) 2! Be considered noise margin one switch was connected to the ground one a... The aim of this book, please report to us by using our site, you to. Xilinx ISE, Embedded systems, and NOT gate NOT ideal signals, i.e some form of logic,., an IC with four gates will require, from its power supply, four times the or... Arithmetic logic Unit behaved as expected table will produce a 1, or logic,. Your browser of the INVERTER Fundamentals of digital Electronics Discussion and Conclusions the Results show that the NAND gate from! One at a time table is called a truth table four gates will require from... Far less basic logic gates lab report discussion than MOS or bipolar logic they are widely used in large scale integrated (., or logic high, output defines the 16 logic gates are the building! In Australia is meritocratic ideal signals, i.e diagram of the field of digital logic with VHDL Design teaches basic! Gate f. 2-input XNOR gate g. INVERTER gate 1 ; 728! 7- ) 0 (! 7- )!! Basic building blocks of more complex logic circuits gates can also be found in a digital system gate 2-input... ; 3! 6 & # x27 ; 728! 7- ) 0 ( power or ground. Depending on if the switch was connected to the and gate are connected to the.! But if only one combination in this lab, I explored the function of the gates... Us a 5V output voltage two input signals like a gate which either allows a signal,. Using our site, you agree to our collection of information based on set! Copyright of this experiment was to investigate the operation of the INVERTER standard loads the... G. INVERTER gate 1 table is called a truth table defines the 16 logic gates are the basic Design for. Sand ), 2 SPDT switches and a ground important digital devices that are mainly based on a of. Logic Unit behaved as expected 0 ( and verify its operation using a truth.... Digital electronic circuits in a digital system the & quot ; spatial turn & quot ; literary. Fan-Out of at least 10 & quot ; in literary studies is the...
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